## Introduction

Choosing between the SQE and the LPC is one of the first big calls in a legal career. A common question is: “Is the SQE harder than the LPC?” This guide sets out how each route works, what “harder” actually means in practice, and how to decide based on your study style, goals, and eligibility under current SRA rules.

The SQE is now the main route to qualification in England and Wales. The LPC remains available only for those who meet the SRA’s transitional requirements. Read on for a clear, side-by-side view to help you plan with confidence.

## What You’ll Learn

- How the SQE and LPC differ in structure, content, and assessments
- What SQE1 and SQE2 test compared with LPC modules and skills
- Typical pass-rate patterns and what they suggest
- Who may find each route tougher based on study preferences
- SRA transitional rules, including SQE1 exemption for LPC graduates
- Practical steps to choose, plan, and prepare effectively

## Core Concepts

### How the SQE works

The SQE assesses both legal knowledge and practical skills through two assessments, taken at separate stages.

- SQE1: Legal knowledge
  - Two Functioning Legal Knowledge (FLK) exams, sat in multiple-choice format (single best answer).
  - Broad coverage across core subjects and practice areas (e.g., contract, tort, criminal, property, business, dispute resolution, public law, wills and the administration of estates, and legal services).
  - Tested across several exam windows each year.
  - Key challenge: sheer breadth and detail, plus the discipline of MCQs at scale.

- SQE2: Practical legal skills
  - Assesses skills such as client interviewing, advocacy, legal research, legal writing, legal drafting, and case/legal analysis.
  - Tasks are set in several practice contexts (e.g., litigation, property, business, wills and probate, criminal).
  - Includes both written and oral assessments.
  - Key challenge: consistent, competent performance across varied tasks under time pressure.

- Work experience requirement
  - Two years’ qualifying work experience (QWE), which can be gained across up to four placements and can include paralegal roles and clinics if they meet SRA criteria.

- Support and preparation
  - The SRA sets and runs the assessments; training is optional. Many candidates take a prep course, but it isn’t compulsory. Self-discipline and a clear study plan are essential.

- Pass-rate patterns
  - Publicly reported pass rates suggest SQE1 has lower pass rates than SQE2 (for example, SQE1 often around the 50–55% range; SQE2 often around 70–80%). Rates vary by cohort and attempt.

### How the LPC works

The LPC is a taught programme delivered by universities and law schools, designed to prepare you for day-one solicitor work.

- Structure and content
  - Compulsory core modules (business law and practice, property law and practice, litigation, professional conduct, taxation).
  - Skills training (e.g., research, drafting, interviewing, writing, advocacy).
  - Electives to suit intended practice areas.
  - Usually one academic year full-time or up to two years part-time.

- Assessment
  - A mix of written exams, coursework, and skills assessments.
  - Assessments and timetabling vary by provider, but expect a demanding workload with regular deadlines.

- Training contract and PSC
  - Under the LPC route, you typically complete a two-year training contract and the Professional Skills Course (PSC) before admission (subject to SRA transitional rules).

- Pass-rate patterns
  - Pass rates have historically been higher than SQE1, often ranging widely (e.g., 60–90%) depending on provider and cohort.

### What “harder” really means

Difficulty isn’t the same for everyone. It depends on how you study best, your exam technique, and your circumstances.

- Study model
  - SQE: suits those who handle independent study well and can work through a large syllabus with focused MCQ practice.
  - LPC: suits those who prefer structured teaching, cohort support, and staged assessments with tutor feedback.

- Assessment style
  - SQE1’s large-scale MCQs reward applied black-letter knowledge and precise reading under time pressure.
  - SQE2 and the LPC both assess practical skills, but SQE2 is a single, standardised assessment; LPC skills are taught and tested within your provider’s programme.

- Breadth vs depth
  - SQE1 covers a broad syllabus with many topics tested in one assessment series.
  - The LPC goes deeper into practical application across modules and electives, reinforced by ongoing teaching.

- Endurance and planning
  - SQE demands stamina across concentrated exam windows.
  - The LPC demands consistent effort over months, balancing classes, prep, and deadlines.

- Your background
  - Prior academic strengths, exam technique, and work experience can tilt the balance. There’s no universal “easier” route.

## Key Examples or Case Studies

1. Self-directed exam strength (SQE suits)
   - Profile: Amir has strong MCQ technique, a first-degree in law, and two years as a paralegal. He’s comfortable managing his own study timetable.
   - Path: He prepares for SQE1 with intensive MCQ practice, then moves to SQE2 skills training while logging QWE with his employer.
   - Why it works: The standardised exams and flexible QWE fit his schedule, and his test-taking skills pay off in SQE1.

2. Structured teaching preference (LPC suits)
   - Profile: Lucy prefers regular classes, small-group workshops, and steady feedback. She values tutor guidance and a set timetable.
   - Path: She completes an LPC full-time with electives in commercial subjects, then secures a two-year training contract.
   - Why it works: Regular contact time and provider support help her manage the workload and build confidence ahead of assessments.

3. Transitional route switch (LPC + SQE2)
   - Profile: Priya has passed the LPC but has not completed a training contract.
   - Path: Under SRA rules, she claims SQE1 exemption based on her LPC, completes two years’ QWE, and passes SQE2 to qualify.
   - Why it works: This route recognises her LPC while allowing qualification without a traditional training contract.

## Practical Applications

- Check your eligibility first
  - You can only follow the LPC route if you meet SRA transitional requirements. In short, if you started, accepted an offer, or paid a non-refundable deposit for a qualifying law degree, CPE/PGDL, LPC or training contract by 31 August 2021, you can continue under the old route until 31 December 2032.
  - If you have passed the LPC, you are exempt from SQE1 and can qualify by completing two years’ QWE and passing SQE2.

- Map your study style to the route
  - Prefer independent study, large exam sittings, and MCQs? Shortlist SQE.
  - Prefer timetabled teaching, continuous feedback, and staged assessments? Shortlist LPC (if eligible).

- Understand assessments and plan early
  - SQE1: schedule spaced practice of single best answer MCQs, keep notes lean and focused on rules, exceptions, and how examiners test them.
  - SQE2: build a weekly routine for interviewing, advocacy, writing, drafting, and research tasks; record yourself, seek feedback, and repeat.
  - LPC: plan around coursework peaks and exams; use provider workshops to sharpen practical skills.

- Align with employers
  - Ask target firms which route they support. Many large employers now sponsor SQE preparation; some still accept the LPC under transitional arrangements.

- Build experience strategically
  - For SQE, line up QWE that exposes you to different practice areas and real-client tasks. Keep good records and seek sign-off from a solicitor.
  - For LPC, pursue vacation schemes or paralegal roles to strengthen applications for a training contract.

- Budget and timing
  - SQE: exam fees are set by the SRA; prep-course fees vary. Consider the total cost and the number of sittings you can fund.
  - LPC: tuition fees vary widely; check scholarships, loans, and employer sponsorship.

- Use pass-rate data wisely
  - Lower SQE1 pass rates don’t mean it’s out of reach; they do signal the need for disciplined practice and a realistic timeline.
  - Provider-level LPC results can differ; compare teaching style, support, and assessment history.

- Prioritise ethics and professional conduct
  - Ethics is tested across the SQE and embedded throughout the LPC. Build it into your weekly study to avoid last-minute cramming.

- Protect your well-being
  - Both routes are demanding. Plan breaks, set realistic goals, and seek support early if workload or stress builds.

## Summary Checklist

- Confirm SRA eligibility: SQE for all; LPC only if you meet transitional rules.
- Know the formats: SQE1 MCQs; SQE2 practical skills; LPC mixed assessments across modules.
- Match the route to your study style and timetable.
- Plan for QWE (SQE) or a training contract plus PSC (LPC).
- Review recent pass-rate patterns and provider support.
- Budget for fees, prep courses, and potential resits.
- If you’ve passed the LPC, use SQE1 exemption and focus on SQE2 plus QWE.
- Speak with target employers about their preferred route and sponsorship.
- Set a realistic study plan, including regular skills practice and ethics.

## Quick Reference

| Topic              | SQE                                                       | LPC                                        |
| ------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Route status       | Main route for all candidates                             | Only if you meet SRA transitional rules    |
| Structure          | SQE1 (knowledge) + SQE2 (skills) + 2 years’ QWE           | Taught course + training contract + PSC    |
| Assessment style   | Standardised exams (MCQs for SQE1; skills tasks for SQE2) | Provider-run exams, coursework, and skills |
| Study model        | Optional prep courses; self-directed emphasis             | Structured teaching with regular workshops |
| Typical pass rates | SQE1 often ~50–55%; SQE2 often ~70–80%                    | Often higher than SQE1; varies by provider |
| Exemptions         | LPC pass gives SQE1 exemption                             | Not applicable                             |

SQE vs LPC: Which Route Is Harder?