Tillman v. Vance Equip. Co., 286 Or. 747, 596 P.2d 1299 (Or. 1979)

Facts

  • Durametal asked Vance Equipment Co., a used-equipment dealer, to locate a crane for purchase.
  • Vance found a 24-year-old crane; Durametal inspected and approved it.
  • Vance purchased the crane and immediately resold it to Durametal, documenting the sale “as is.”
  • Buddy E. Tillman, a Durametal employee, operated and serviced the crane, including greasing its gears.
  • Tillman believed proper greasing required removing the gear cover and applying grease while the gears were moving.
  • While greasing the moving gears with the cover removed, Tillman’s hand was pulled into the gears, injuring him.
  • Tillman alleged the crane was defectively designed because it could not be properly greased without removing the protective cover and that Vance failed to warn of the danger.

Issues

  1. Whether a seller engaged in the business of selling used goods is strictly liable in tort for a manufacturer-created design defect in a used product resold “as is.”
  2. Whether strict products liability policy justifications and buyer expectations support extending strict liability to used-goods dealers for original manufacturing/design defects.

Decision

  • The Oregon Supreme Court affirmed judgment for Vance Equipment Co.
  • The court held that, on these facts, a seller of used goods is not strictly liable in tort for a defect in a used crane when the defect was created by the manufacturer.
  • The court declined to decide what effect, if any, the “as is” language had on strict-liability claims, resolving the case on the status of the defendant as a used-goods seller.
  • Oregon strict products liability does not extend to used-goods dealers for manufacturer-created defects in used products, at least where the dealer merely resells the product and did not create the defect.
  • Policy grounds for strict liability (loss distribution, capacity to influence product safety, ability to detect or control defects) apply differently to used-goods dealers, particularly for latent design defects originating years earlier.
  • Buyer expectations regarding used products—especially older machinery—include an understanding that the product may lack safety features of newer models, affecting the scope of strict-liability protection.

Conclusion

The court refused to impose strict products liability on a used-equipment dealer for an alleged design defect originating with the manufacturer in a decades-old crane, affirming judgment for the dealer and leaving unresolved whether an “as is” sales term affects strict-liability claims.